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nouns: · a-stems · va-stems · ja-stems · ia-stems · ô-stems · vô-stems · jô-stems · iô-stems · i-stems · u-stems · an-stems · ôn-stems · în-stems · nd-stems · root nouns · r-stems ·
nouns: ÔN- and ÎN-STEMS
Ôn-stems are all feminine and they have an inflection that is parallell to the masculine an-stem inflection:
| sing. | | plur.
| | nom. | sag-a
| nom. | sög-ur
| | gen. | sög-u
| gen. | sag-na
| | dat. | sög-u
| dat. | sög-um
| | acc. | sög-u
| acc. | sög-ur
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| like saga:
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· saga 'story'
· kona 'woman, wife' ; gen. plur. kvenna
· tunga 'tongue, language'
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· kylfa 'club'
· gata 'street'
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| There are a few vôn-stems, that differ from the ôn-stems in having a /v/ in front of all endings beginning with /a/.
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· völva ''
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| Some words are jôn-stems. They are inflected exactly like ôn-stems, except that the gen. plur. ending is -ja, and that they have a /j/ in front of all endings beginning with /a/ and /u/ (that is all endings). The plural dative ending thus is -jum in stead of -um.
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· brynja 'coat of mail'
· smiðja 'smithy'
· kveðja 'greeting'
· valkyrja 'valkyrie'
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| The în-stems have the same endings in all cases, and they have no plural forms, since they have all abstract meanings.
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· elli 'old age'
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In proto-germanic the feminine n-stems exchanged their suffix vowel for a long /o:/ analogically to the ô-stems.
sing: nom: ; gen: ; dat: ; acc:
plur: nom: ; gen: ; dat: ; acc:
© Peter Pettersson
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