NUMERALS

NUMERALS

• einn 'one'
is inflected like a strong adjective, but of course only in the singular number. This word can also be used as an adjective with the meaning 'alone' and then it has plural forms also. masc. fem. neut.
nom. einn ein- eitt
gen. ein-s einnar ein-s
dat. ein-um einni ein-u
acc. einn ein-a eitt

*• tveir* 'two'**	*• þrír* 'three'**	*• fjórir* 'four'**
are all inflected almost like a strong adjective, but in the plural number.

	masc.	fem.	neut.		masc.	fem.	neut.
nom.	tveir	tvær	tvau	nom.	þrír	þrjár	þrjú
gen.	tveggja	tveggja	tveggja	gen.	þriggja	þriggja	þriggja
dat.	tveim	tveim	tveim	dat.	þrim/þrimr	þrim/þrimr	þrim/þrimr
acc.	tvá	tvær	tvau	acc.	þrjá	þrjár	þrjú

masc. fem. neut.
nom. fjórir fjórar fjögur
gen. fjögurra fjögurra fjögurra
dat. fjórum fjórum fjórum
acc. fjóra fjórar fjögur

The numerals from '5' to '20' are as follows. They are not inflected in any way.

5
6
7
8

fimm
sex
sjau
átta

9
10
11
12

níu
tíu
ellifu
tolf (> tólf)

13
14
15
16

þréttán
fjögurtán/fjórtán
fimtán
sextán

17
18
19
20

sjautján
áttján
nítján
tuttugu/tvítján

The numerals for '30', '40' &c. were originally not really numerals, but are expressed by saying 'three tens', 'four tens' &c. The noun for 'ten' is the masculine u-stem tøgr, which of course must be inflected into its proper case. Later the two words were contracted into one indeclinable word, a real numeral.

30
40
50
60
70

þrír tigir > þrjátigi
fjórir tigir > fjórutigi
fimm tigir > fimtigi
sex tigir > sextigi
sjau tigir > sjautigi

80
90
100
110

átta tigir > áttatigi
níu tigir > níutigi
tíu tigir > tíutigi
ellifu tigir > ellifutigi

For the numbers between 20 and 30, 30 and 40 &c. there aren't any real numerals either. In stead of saying 'twentyone' one has to say 'twenty and one' or 'one and twenty':
• tuttugu ok einn/einn ok tuttugu '21'
• tuttugu ok tveir/tveir ok tuttugu '22'
...

As you can see above, the word for '100' is tíu tigir. There is also a word hundrað, but it means '120'. Sometimes it can also mean '100', but then the adverb tírœtt is added.
Hundrað is a neutral a-stem noun.

In the same way þúsund means '1 200' and not '1 000'. It is also a neutral a-stem noun.