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Introduction
The human behaviour is something people always have wondered about.
It is interesting to se people act and think differently. Humans
are special in their own individual ways, but some people are
more fascinating than others. Those people are the ones who have
broken the rules and laws of the human ethics. The most interesting
people in this group are serial killers. These are killers that
kill numerous of victims. While society condemns their behaviour
they also show their huge fascination towards it.
In this study I will try to answer three main questions, which
we often wonder about when we think about serial killers. These
questions and the answers will hopefully clarify this subject
and the feelings around it.
What is significant for serial killers? What are their motives
for becoming serial killers? Why are we humans so fascinated by
them?
Serial Killers
There are many definitions of what a serial killer is. The most
important factor is to not mix up the two concepts that resemble
each other, which are serial killers and mass murderers. The main
difference between these concepts is that a mass murderer kills
a huge number of people at a specific place, while a serial killer
commits a number of murders over a long period of time. There
are five characteristics that serial killer shows.
1. Serial killers should kill repetitive and then escalate over
a period of time. This will continue until the killer is caught.
2. The serial killer faces the victim one on one. The serial murder
can also focus on two victims but not more.
3. There are often no relations between the victims and the killer.
4. Serial killers do not usually have rational motives of why
they killed the victim.
5. The brutality is often very high in these kinds of crimes.
Serial murderer tends to put their victims through hell.
There
are characteristics for serial killers but there are also different
kinds of serial killers. This affects the work of a serial killer.
These are the different types of serial killers.
Visionaries:
This is when the killer is controlled by a voice often inside
the head. The killer thinks that what he/she does is justifiable
because it is instructed. An example of this is David Berkowitz
who had problems with his neighbour who according to him was the
devil. He heard his neighbours voice in his head commanding him
to kill.
Missionaries: This is where the serial killer believes
that he/she is doing the world a favour by killing someone. It
is their job to purify the world. Aileen Wuornos can be categorized
in this group because she was a prostitute who killed guys that
treated her bad. She did it to get rid of the scum of the earth.
Hedonists:
The serial killers who get pleasure out of murder and other acts
they commit. Jeffrey Dahmer fits this profile because of the pleasure
he got out of killing guys and having sex with their dead bodies.
Power
Seekers: As it sounds it is about serial killers who seek
power. They often want have full control over everything, especially
life and death of other people.
Motives
One important factor that should be known about serial killers
is that they are humans. Many people forget that these people
have feelings, thoughts and anger as every human being. There
are many different opinions on why people become serial killers.
Most thought concern the killers childhood and it is always believed
that they where brought up wrong in some kind of way.
Alfred
Adler has his famous theory about how the birth order affects
a child's personality. In that theory it is stated that the firstborn
child can become authoritarian and get the feel of power. The
first-born is therefore the one that may end up as a problem child,
a phobic, a criminal, a pervert or a drunkard. Charles Manson
is a typical example of this. He was the first-born child and
he developed a need to control. Later on in his life he got good
at manipulating people and he started a sect called the "Family".
This sect had at one point over 100 members, which Manson more
or less controlled.
The Freudian concept is another way of looking at this issue.
According to Sigmund Freud serial killers would probably have
issues with their sexuality. It would be connected with the Oedipus
concept, which makes the serial killer have unresolved feelings
of anger and sex. Freud means that the mother has a lot to do
with her child's sexuality and therefore an too intensive relationship
with the mother or a weak relationship with her can make the child
sexual aggressive. Many people that believe in the Freudian concept
think that this may be the reason why people become serial killers.
Others believe that it the Freudian concept is right about the
importance of parents in children's life but the sexual part is
something that people disagree with.
There
are also theories that serial killers are born, not created. Carl
Jung whom is a well known psychologist have shown research of
how the universe and the planets affect people. According to him
the birth of a person is important because it is what determines
ones future. In a television program there was an experiment made
where Carolyn Reinhold (a famous astrologist) analysed 20 astrological
birth charts. Four of the birth charts belonged to famous serial
killers Jeffrey Dahmer, David Berkowitz, David Ramirez and Ed
Kemper. Without knowing this Carolyn Reinhold successfully identified
the four as possible serial killers. This is a strong proof for
Carl Jung's theory that the universe and the planets have an affect
on people.
Another
aspect on why people become serial killers is the need to live
out their fantasies. In this society there are rules and norms
of what people should and should not do. People who become serial
killers will not repress their fantasies and their true feelings
just because the society and the morality do not accept it. This
goes hand in hand with Freud's structural moral of the human thought
and actions. There is a balance in our mind based on the Id, the
Ego and the Super Ego. The Id is the human beings most primitive
impulses, the Super Ego is the part that represents the consciousness
and the Ego is the part that maintains a balance between the Id
and the Super Ego. According to the theory that serial killers
are the ones that live out their fantasies it is meant that they
do not suppress their Id. There is either something wrong with
the Ego who fails to maintain balance or there is something wrong
with the Super Ego who may not exist. Either way serial killers
are the ones who live their life by letting their Id control them.
Personally
I believe that there is many factors that count when people analyse
people become serial killers. People think that it is genetic,
hormonal, biological, astrological or cultural conditioning. There
are a lot of evidence to proof each theory but there are proof
to show the opposite too.
I believe that the society and the surrounding make serial killers.
Every little factor in a person's life will affect him/her and
remain inside the person. I do not that it is a genetic issue
and that serial killers are born with a killer instinct. That
is a way of drawing attention from the real problem, which is
the society. Even thou I do not believe in the genetic theory
I do believe in the hormonal one. Hormones affect people into
feeling some things stronger and acting somewhat different from
others. Therefore according to myself the reason why people become
serial killers is a combination between hormonal factors and societal
conditioning factors.
Fascination
Nowadays people hear about serial killers almost all the time.
There portrayed in newspapers, on television, in movies, on Internet
and even in items. Even thou the society perceive serial killers
it fascinates human beings. Media glorifies the serial killers
and instead of being seen as monsters they are observed as some
kind of idols. One of the signs of the human fascination is how
we spend money just to se a movie about a serial killer who kills
innocent people. The movies have become man more and also more
popular. Many serial killers have gotten their life stories on
the big screen. Aileen Wuornos, Charles Manson, Jeffrey Dahmer
and Ted Bundy are all serial killer who have their life story
portrayed on cinema. There have also been movies with mythical
serial killers and also made up serial killers. "From Hell",
"Silence of the Lamb" and "Seven" is examples
of this. As if this was not enough the famous sculpture David
Johnson has begun sculpting serial killer action figures. This
are not allowed in regular stores but I would not be surprised
if they where in a few years.
There
are many explanations of why we humans are so interested in serial
killers. On of them is that we humans have a need for excitement.
Humans want to feel danger but not really be in any. That is why
serial killers are fascinating because they are not fictional
characters and the crimes they committed are real. That affects
person closer then if it was a fictional serial killer. This makes
people get closer to danger in reality but also know that the
perpetrator is locked up behind bars.
Another factor that intrigues us is the fact that serial killers
are so differently from the "normal" human being. The
things they do and think of reflects the bad side of the society,
and therefore makes a person feel more "normal". After
have watched a movie about a serial killer or read about one you
can relax and think of how normal you really are. The combination
of these factors makes the human being fascinated with serial
killers.
There
is other ways to look at the human fascination for serial killers.
Some people state that it is normal to feel an attraction to serial
killers because it lies in our blood. Humans are deep inside beasts
that like blood and seeing other people suffer. Deep inside all
humans are sadists. The only reason why all people are not serial
killers is because we have become more civilized. The human being
has developed a lot and we do not allow ourselves to indulge in
things we used to enjoy, like torturing people or watching them
being tortured. Our fascination to serial killers is therefore
a picture of where we would be if we had not repressed the beast
inside of us.
The fascination can also be look at with a Freudian perspective.
It is stated that watching or reading about serial killers makes
us release unnecessary tension, especially sexual tension. It
also makes the human being the concern of the things we do not
have any control over. These things can for example be realities
of violence in the world or our vulnerability to crime.
Conclusion
Serial killers are truly fascinating and it is not strange at
all that my own interest in them has increased. I do believe that
the fascination is healthy for us because it relieves some pressure
from our mentality. There is thou a line that people should not
cross and it is when you become fanatic of a serial killer. The
fascination has to be controlled or else it will be destructive.
There are many explanations of why serial killers become serial
killers and why we are so fascinated by them. It is important
to listen to all the perspectives to get a full picture of how
we work, and also to know that theories can be combined to get
out the real truth. Either way the three questions, which I was
supposed to answer has been answered and now it is up to you to
make up your thoughts about serial killers and our fascination
towards them.
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